How does the Motion Sensor work?

A motion sensor is a sensitive sensor for detecting the movement of objects. It can be programmed to the specified parameters and connected to a unified security system. The important role of a motion sensor is to monitor the situation at the site or automatically trigger programmed actions in response to movement.

The operating principle of any motion detector follows:

1. Detection of object movement in space.
2. Change parameters in the program.
3. Signal transmission to the remote control or control panel.
4. A response such as activating an alarm or triggering another system reaction, e.g. opening a gate, turning on a light.

The whole process happens in a fraction of a second and is fully automated.

Device types and how do different motion sensors work?

There are 5 main types of motion sensors, which are distinguished by the nature of their operation:

• Infra-red. The sensor responds to any change in IR radiation that projects the movement of thermal objects, including humans.
• Ultrasonic. The ultrasonic sensor emits ultrasound and measures reflection from objects, detecting the change of their position in space.
• Microwave. This type of movement detector works similarly to an ultrasonic one, except that it uses radio waves that can penetrate even through thin glass and other obstacles.
• Laser. The device sends a laser beam to measure the time it takes to return after being reflected by a target. The change in this time is what indicates motion.
• Combined. This transducer can combine two or more of the technologies described above. This increases the accuracy and reliability of any movement.

The detectors can be placed outdoors or indoors, depending on the type selected. Popular places for their installation are entrances and exits, corridors, staircases, building facades.

Features of motion sensor installation

Based on regulations and standards in Kazakhstan, the following features of motion sensor installation can be distinguished:

• Mounting heights of 2 to 2.5 m for infra-red sensors and 2.5 to 3 m for all other detectors.
• The working area angle is about 45 degrees to the surface where the sensor is placed.
• Extreme conditions, such as high or low temperatures, increased humidity or dust, require special attention. For example, in low-temperature environments, a microwave sensor with condensation protection is more suitable. For operation in humid and dusty environments, each device needs at least IP65 protection.

You also need to consider which type of sensor will be suitable for your particular conditions — wired or wireless.

Common installation errors

Based on the experience ABC BERKUT specialists have gained, however, it is important to highlight some common mistakes when installing movement sensors:

• Installation near heat sources. Especially important to monitor parameter when using infrared detectors, so that false alarms do not occur. Also, constant heat can reduce the sensitivity of any detectors and lead to malfunctions.
• Installation on moving surfaces. For correct operation without false alarms, mounting the devices on a static surface is essential.
• Selecting the wrong angle and height. Installing with the standards described above maximizes sensor performance.
• Blocking the operating area with items. Do not block the working area of the sensor with furniture or any other obstacles to avoid triggering errors.

Selection and consideration of the correct settings for installation of movement sensors — the key to smooth and coordinated operation of the entire security system.

How to choose the right motion sensor?

The correct selection of a movement detector for a particular object and the needs of the owner depends, first of all, on the professionalism of the security company-installer. ABC BERKUT specialists usually pay attention to several important points:

• Terms of Use
• Coverage radius.
• Mounting and installation options — wall or ceiling mounted sensors.
• Energy consumption control.
• Integration and compatibility with other elements in your safety system.
• Additional features such as vandal-proof protection, built-in CCTV camera, quick sensitivity adjustment, real-time monitoring, etc.

And the most important thing is to choose the right type of movement detector for your needs and workspace parameters:

• Infra-red — performs well indoors and in places without a lot of interference.
• Ultrasonic — do not fear obstacles, have increased sensitivity.
• Micro-wave — great for outdoor installations or huge rooms, can detect movement through walls and other obstacles.
• Laser — fast and effective in small, confined spaces.
• Combined — used in the mounting of complex systems for all tasks.

It is best not to neglect professional auditing, system planning and testing by experienced, qualified professionals. Our company provides this service.